The terms Geographic Information Science (GIScience), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Geoinformatics are frequently used interchangeably, often leading to confusion among researchers, professionals, and students in the field of spatial sciences. However, these terms refer to distinct concepts, each with its own scope, purpose, and application. This discussion aims to clarify the differences and relationships between them. The term GIScience was first introduced by Michael Goodchild in his seminal 1992 paper, where he defined it as an independent scientific discipline that examines the theoretical foundations, principles, and methodologies underlying the acquisition, management, analysis, and visualization of spatial data. GIScience extends beyond the mere use of GIS software and tools—it encompasses fundamental research on spatial analysis, geostatistics, spatial cognition, spatial data infrastructures, and the social and ethical implications of geographic data. It addresses questions such as how spatial patterns emerge, how geographic information can be effectively represented, and how computational techniques can enhance spatial decision-making.